EN 
PT_BR 
The formation of an extratropical cyclone in the Southern Region will reinforce the instabilities this Friday (11) and Saturday (12), maintaining the scenario of rain in areas important for agricultural production. Paraná, Santa Catarina, Mato Grosso do Sul, São Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul are among the states that require greater attention for storms, hail and strong winds. The system should move rapidly towards the ocean throughout Saturday.
Rain has already reached areas in the Midwest, Southeast, and even parts of the North, increasing soil moisture and creating more favorable conditions for the start of planting in areas where the sanitary break is nearing its end.
According to meteorologist and CEO of Nottus, Alexandre Nascimento, the recent rainfall was especially significant in the Southeast and Midwest regions. He estimates that, in these regions, approximately 70% of the accumulated rainfall for September occurred in the last 48 hours.
Cyclone increases risk of storms in the South.
The cyclone that is beginning to form off the coast of the Southern Region is the main highlight for this Friday. Inmet (National Institute of Meteorology) forecasts rain, thunderstorms, hail, and wind gusts, with the possibility of severe weather in areas of Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul.
The institute maintains a red alert for severe storms in areas of Paraná, Santa Catarina, and northwestern Rio Grande do Sul. There are also storm warnings in parts of Mato Grosso do Sul and São Paulo.
Alexandre explains that the low pressure system responsible for the formation of the cyclone is already causing heavy rain and thunderstorms in the South.
"Its formation began in the early morning, causing heavy clouds between the north-central region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina."
According to the meteorologist, the system is moving towards the ocean and will also act as a cold front, bringing rain to other areas of the country.
"The cold front is here, advancing between today and tomorrow between São Paulo and Mato Grosso do Sul."
São Paulo and the Central-West region continue to experience rain.
The instability is also gaining strength in São Paulo, Minas Gerais, and Mato Grosso do Sul. According to Inmet, rain and thunderstorms are forecast for São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and southern Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo this Friday.
In the Central-West region, rainfall is concentrated mainly in Mato Grosso do Sul, southern Goiás, and areas of Mato Grosso. Inmet (National Institute of Meteorology) also maintains warnings for storms and low humidity in parts of the region.
In Mato Grosso do Sul, for example, he cites approximately 60 millimeters in the Campo Grande region, while areas of São Paulo received even higher volumes.
Moisture improves conditions for the start of planting.
One of the main positive effects of the change in rainfall patterns is appearing precisely in the Midwest. Regions that reached the end of the dry season with little soil moisture now have more favorable conditions for the start of sowing.
Alexandre cites Goiás, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, and the Brasília region as areas that are already showing significant improvement.
This situation is especially important because the end of the fallow period is approaching in several producing regions. With planting now permitted, the presence of soil moisture may allow producers to take advantage of the initial planting window.
The meteorologist also states that the expectation for the coming weeks is for above-normal rainfall in most producing regions, which could benefit the start of the harvest, provided that operations are planned according to soil conditions.
Rain also changes the landscape in the Southeast.
The change in weather is particularly important for São Paulo and Minas Gerais. Besides favoring the recovery of water sources, the rain improves the availability of water in the soil and can benefit different agricultural activities.
Alexandre cites the Cantareira System as an example. According to the data he presented, the accumulated rainfall in September had already reached approximately 99 millimeters, above the historical average of 78.8 millimeters for the period mentioned.
The meteorologist points out, however, that excessive rainfall can cause localized problems, mainly in urban areas and also on rural properties where the soil becomes waterlogged.
Weekend remains unstable.
The rain doesn't end with the passage of the cyclone. Inmet predicts continued instability in the South and also in parts of the Southeast and Midwest on Saturday. In Paraná, for example, conditions for showers with thunderstorms continue in different areas.
Rain is expected to continue in São Paulo and surrounding areas over the weekend.
The cold front associated with the system should move towards Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo, while Minas Gerais will also receive rain, although less so in the north of the state.
